复合加载模式作用下地基承载性能数值分析

确定竖向荷载(V)、水平荷载(H)和力矩(M)共同作用下建筑物地基的破坏模式及在荷载空间(H,V,M)中的破坏包络面是地基设计中的关键问题。为提高Swipe试验方法计算精度,提出了改进方案,进而利用有限元方法分析了复合加载模式作用下均质粘性土地基上条形基础的破坏包络面。计算表明,基于改进Swipe试验方法的数值模拟结果明显好于常规Swipe试验方法。针对海洋工程中实际复合加载模式的特点,探讨了竖向荷载分量V对地基破坏模式和H-M荷载平面上的破坏包络线的影响,结果表明竖向荷载分量显著地改变了地基的破坏模式及包络线的形状。     

Parabolic Wave Propagation Modelling in Orthogonal Coordinate Systems

This paper presents a numerical model study of the propagation of water waves using the parabolic approximation of the mild-slope equation in the orthogonal coordinate system. Two types of coordinate systems are studied: (a) a general form of orthogonal coordinate system and (b) the conformal system, a special form of orthogonal coordinate system. Two typical examples, namely, expanded breakwaters and a circular channel, are studied to validate the model. First, the examples are studied by use of the general orthogonal coordinates. Then the same examples are computed by use of the confonnal system. The computational results show that the confonnal coordinate system generally gives better predictions than the general orthogonal system. A numerical technique for generating the conformal grid is combined with the numerical model to improve the practicability of the model. The comparison between the result from the numerical grid system and that from the analytical grid system shows that reliable computational results can be obtained by use of the numerical confonnal grid system.     

16米风化砂回填地基的深层振密加固

结合北方某重力式深水 ( -1 6.0 m)码头沉箱后壁 1 4.5 m范围的回填风化砂经深层振密处理这一工程实例 ,介绍了回填砂振密的技术要求、施工工艺和方法及振密效果的检测。同时对施工与检测中的某些技术问题提出了自己的看法。     

北太平洋宽吻海豚正常生理指标数值的算法

连续5年对青岛海豚表演馆中北太平洋宽吻海豚(Tursiops gille Dall)进行现场实验和行为学研究，获取了大量的生理指标数据，运用不同的分析和计算方法对所得数据进行了筛选、剔除及处理，确立了海豚各生理指标的正常闽值和范围确定的方法，从而为准确了解海豚机体的生理状况、疾病诊断及治疗奠定了基础。     

真空预压联合碎石桩加固港口吹填堆场地基的试验研究

在港口工程建设中,快速加固超软弱的吹填地基,采用真空预压法是一个经济有效的方法,再联合以碎石桩加固则能进一步提高地基的承载力、减少地基工后沉降.通过真空预压联合碎石桩加固地基的现场试验以及观测资料的分析,得出真空预压联合碎石桩加固后地基的承载力特征值由原天然地基的60 kPa左右提高到220 kPa,计算结果表明打碎石桩后的地基变形模量Esp与真空预压后的Ea相比提高了1倍,联合碎石桩加固后的地基沉降量比仅经过真空预压的地基减少1/3.     

潮汐对瞬态气候响应模拟的影响研究

In this study, the impact of oceanic processes on the sensitivity of transient climate change is investigated using two sets of coupled experiments with and without tidal forcing, which are termed Exp_Tide and Exp_Control,respectively. After introducing tidal forcing, the transient climate response(TCR) decreases from 2.32 K to 1.90 K,and the surface air temperature warming at high latitudes decreases by 29%. Large ocean heat uptake efficiency and heat storage can explain the low TCR in Exp_Tide. Approximately 21% more heat is stored in the ocean in Exp_Tide(1.10×10~(24) J) than in Exp_Control(0.91×10~(24) J). Most of the large ocean warming occurs in the upper 1 000 m between 60°S and 60°N, primarily in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. This ocean warming is closely related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC). The initial transport at mid-and high latitudes and the decline in the AMOC observed in Exp_Tide are both larger than those observed in Exp_Control. The spatial structures of AMOC are also different with and without tidal forcing in present experiments. The AMOC in Exp_Tide has a large northward extension. We also investigated the relationship between AMOC and TCR suggested by previous studies using the present experiments.     

THE DIAGNOSTIC CALCULATION OF EQUATORIAL FLOWS IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN

On the basis of observational data of the eastern part of the West Pacific Ocean, a diagnostic calculation of equatorial flow for this region is performed by using the authors' model equations and computing scheme and methods. For the first cruise (January 3-March 4, 1979), the results show: (i) The primary driving force of the equatorial surface flows comes from the prevailing northeasterly wind field, with an average uniform wind speed Vw = 6.3 m/s. The steady westward wind produces divergent westward flows in the surface layers, causing an upwelling near the equator. The importance of the steady wind stress in the upper layer (120 m) decreases with depth and becomes insignificant at the level of z = 75 m or z = 100 m, (ii) The equatorial undercurrent is a strong eastward and equator-ward flow, with its eastward component of undercurrent larger than its meridional component. The core of the undercurrent is at the thermocline, and its maximum velocity is 88-90 cm/s at the level of z=200 m. The deeper f     

化学生态调控对鳌山湾氮磷营养盐的影响

鳌山湾,是一个营养类型特殊的海湾,湾中基本无径流输入,呈“C”字形,封闭性较强,水较浅,湾内主要有筏式扇贝养殖和底播贝类养殖,沿岸有滩涂池塘养殖.根据1996年11月至1998年5月的调查结果得知,鳌山湾海域为贫营养海域[1,2].为探讨贫营养海域进行化学生态调控的可能性,利用鳌山湾的封闭性,根据其水交换规律[3],于1999年6月首次对鳌山湾进行了全湾规模较大的化学生态调控试验,旨在有效提高鳌山湾的营养水平,为今后在贫营养海域合理发展海水养殖业提供科学依据,获得了十分理想的效果.     

黄河三角洲潮滩剖面特征

利用验潮、潮滩水准测量、沉积物分析和遥感资料,分析了黄河三角洲不同岸段潮滩的特征。水准测量表明,侵蚀潮滩剖面形态为下凹,而淤积潮滩则上凸,由高潮线至低潮线,潮滩沉积物均变粗,这种变粗趋势在北部侵蚀岸段和河口侧缘明显,在河口南侧稳定海岸则不明显。潮滩沉积物含水量为12.2%~32.2%,平均为21%,海滩表层沉积物不排水剪切强度在0.1~0.35 kg/cm2之间。受局限岸滩的平面形态和剖面形态受到周围大坝地形影响,具有和砂质海滩类似的形态,显示波浪对该潮滩的作用强烈,根据剖面测量结果与遥感图像,发现河口北侧有一个小的冲积扇。     

三角帆蚌对水体悬浮物和叶绿素a消除量的研究

本研究在不同温度条件下分别测定了一龄(△1)和三龄(△3)三角帆蚌对水体中悬浮物和叶绿素a的消除量;研究了三角帆蚌对叶绿素消除效果与水体中藻类生物量之间的关系,并在池塘中挂养1200只三角帆蚌四个月。结果表明:三角帆蚌对水体中悬浮物和叶绿素a的消除率均随水温升高而提高,其中消除效果在总重量相同时△3>△1,较高水温条件下三角帆蚌在悬浮物中优先利用藻类;同一温度下,水体中藻类量增大时,三角帆蚌对叶绿素a的消除量增大而消除率却降低;在池塘挂养测试中与对照池塘比较,四个月后三角帆蚌因大量消除了池塘水中的悬浮物和叶绿素a,使池塘水体透明度提高从26cm提高到了80cm。